The children by Edith Wharton is a novel written in the early 20th century. It follows Martin Boyne, a middle‑aged engineer, who becomes entangled with the glamorous yet chaotic Wheater clan—especially teen caretaker Judith, her delicate twin Terry, and a volatile mix of full-, half-, and step‑siblings—while their wealthy parents drift between yachts and hotels. The story explores modern divorce and remarriage and the cost of adult caprice on children who are determined to keep themselves together. The opening of the novel finds Boyne on a cruise from Algiers, where he notices Judith minding a baby and a swarm of children and ends up sharing a cabin with her twin, Terry. Through Judith and the governess, Miss Scope, he learns the family tangle: the Wheater parents split and remarried disastrously (to a movie star and an Italian prince), then reunited; the brood now includes “steps” Bun, Beechy, and Zinnie alongside Judith, Terry, and Blanca, with baby Chip adored by the parents. A day trip to Monreale shows Judith’s flair for mothering even as high art leaves her cold, deepening Boyne’s interest. When Terry begs for an education, Boyne agrees to help, stays on to meet the parents in Venice, and secures a cultivated tutor, Gerald Ormerod. Over breakfast at the modest pension where the children stay, Judith refuses school for herself, vowing never to leave the tribe, and hints that Joyce may prefer to keep the tutor in Venice for her own amusement. The section closes with Boyne uncomfortably aware of adult currents swirling around the children he has begun to care about. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

Yksin Lontoossa by Hesba Stretton is a novel written in the late 19th century. Set amid the streets around Holborn and the Strand, it follows gentle old newsvendor James Oliver, who unexpectedly becomes guardian to a deserted little girl, Dolly, and bonds with a street boy, Tony. The story promises a tender, faith-infused portrait of poverty, loneliness, and small acts of kindness in the great city. The opening of the novel shows a sweltering London evening, Oliver’s cramped shop-home, and his wistful talk with his sister about their past and his estranged daughter, Susanna. After Charlotta leaves, a woman abandons Dolly in the shop; Oliver keeps the child despite Tony’s offer to take her. A note reveals Dolly is Susanna’s daughter, sent to mend the rift, but another letter soon explains Susanna has chosen to follow her soldier husband to India, leaving Dolly in Oliver’s care. Oliver’s joy mixes with worry over age, poverty, and failing memory, while Tony becomes a nightly lodger, absorbs Oliver’s simple Christian comfort, prays for honest work, and—helped by Dolly buying him a broom—finally starts sweeping a busy crossing and earns his first coins. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Lempeä ja lemmen leikkiä : Yksinäytöksinen kuvaus by J. Maanpää is a one-act stage play written in the early 20th century. Set in a Finnish manor’s garden, it is a light romantic comedy of manners that satirizes flirtation, jealousy, and social pretension, contrasting sincere affection with cynical game-playing. At Hongisto manor, the jovial landlord Alppi, his wife, their daughter Dagmar, and visiting youth orbit one another in a summer tangle. Shy feelings bloom between Siiri Auer and student Valto Helavuori, while Dagmar’s fiancé, the vain Engelbert Blom, tries to unsettle them by hinting at Valto’s supposed city romance and a telltale “red” letter—later revealed to be harmless. Engelbert’s caddish side is exposed when he flirts with the maid Kerttu and is called out by her sweetheart Jussi. After a comic interlude with the bumbling Setä-Fridolf, tempers flare: Hongisto rebukes Engelbert, who responds with brazen cynicism about love; Dagmar throws him back his ring and breaks the engagement. The play closes with Dagmar consoled by family, and Siiri and Valto openly affirming their mutual love. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Slighted love : or, At her heart's expense" by Mrs. Alex. McVeigh Miller is a novel written in the late 19th century. It follows Italy Vale, a striking young woman determined to clear her mother’s name after her father’s murder, as she enters her wealthy kinsman’s New England home and confronts old scandals, dangerous secrets, and fraught romances. The story weaves melodrama and mystery around inheritance, social stigma, and the hazards of love, with key figures including the reserved heir Francis Murray, the charming Percy Seabright, and the volatile Mrs. Dunn. The opening of the story reveals Italy’s mother confessing that Italy’s father was murdered and that she herself was tried and acquitted, yet condemned by public opinion; years later, after her mother’s death, Italy goes to Francis Murray’s seaside estate, The Lodge, suspecting him because he benefited from the entail. Tension rises as Italy somnambulates into his library in search of her father’s missing diary, Francis confronts her motives, and she flees to Boston to seek her mother’s old lawyer. There she is deceived by a clerk, Craig Severn, lured to a private house, and nearly assaulted before a mysterious shot kills him; found later walking in her sleep, she is retrieved by Francis and brought back. She meets Percy Seabright—her father’s friend—and faints; newspapers soon report Severn’s body found with a bullet wound. Emmett Harlow gently courts Italy and is refused, while jealous Alys Audenreid and her aunt Mrs. Dunn bristle; during a yacht outing Italy is pushed overboard, rescued by Ralph Allen and Francis, and Mrs. Dunn spitefully accuses Emmett before Francis quells the charge. These chapters set the central quest—finding the truth behind the murder and the missing diary—amid simmering jealousy, peril, and uncertain loyalties. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Le cas étrange du docteur Jekyll; Un logement pour la nuit" by Stevenson is a collection of fiction written in the late 19th century. It pairs a Gothic investigation into the bond between the esteemed Dr. Jekyll and the menacing Mr. Hyde with an additional tale likely set in medieval Paris. The main thread follows lawyer Mr. Utterson as he probes the unsettling overlap between public respectability and hidden vice in Victorian London. The opening of the collection introduces Mr. Utterson, who hears Enfield’s story of a cruel, small man named Hyde using a key to a mysterious door and producing a dubious cheque linked to Dr. Jekyll. Troubled by Jekyll’s will that favors Hyde, Utterson seeks and confronts Hyde, confirms his access to Jekyll’s home, and soon learns of the savage murder of Sir Danvers Carew; Hyde disappears, while police find evidence in his Soho rooms. Jekyll disavows Hyde and shows a note, which Utterson’s clerk remarks resembles Jekyll’s handwriting; Lanyon then falls fatally ill after a secret rupture with Jekyll and dies, leaving a sealed packet, while Jekyll grows reclusive. The section ends as Poole, Jekyll’s servant, fearfully begs Utterson to come at once, implying something is terribly wrong behind the locked laboratory door. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"The Last Dragon" by Dan Totheroh is a children's fantasy novel written in the early 20th century. It follows siblings Johnathan, Janet Jane, and Peter Baxter, their intrepid Grandma, and two dogs as they befriend a gentle, blue‑eyed dragon—the last of his kind—and ride him back into the Dark Ages. The tale sets up a quest to save the enchanted Princess Silver Toes from the rival dragon Dallahan, aided by a prickly cave-gnome named Crubby. The opening of this story finds the Baxter children staging Arthurian games in a meadow beside a mysterious woodlot, where six-year-old Peter wanders into a cave and awakens a kindly green dragon who calls himself the last in the world. After the children warm to him (and Grandma welcomes him), their mother drives him away, and their father can’t see him at all; but before dawn the dragon taps at the nursery window and carries Johnathan, Janet Jane, Peter, the dogs, and Grandma (who floats down in her rocking chair) on a headlong ride “backwards” through history. They pass scenes from the past, reach a volcano so the dragon can “eat fire,” and retire to his vast cave home, where they meet the tiny, bossy Crubby. He reveals that the dragon’s enchanted companion, Princess Silver Toes, has been stolen, prompting the dragon to tell her backstory—from silver-dipped toes to a witch’s spell and a storm-swept escape. Learning that the kidnapper is Dallahan, the Irish dragon, the group resolves to rescue her and hurries to an armorer on the king’s highway, where Grandma, the children, and even the dogs are fitted with mail and swords, setting the quest in motion. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"La Malquerida: Drama en tres actos y en prosa" by Jacinto Benavente is a play written in 1913. Set in a Castilian village, this rural drama follows Raimunda, a wealthy farmer remarried to Esteban, and her daughter Acacia, who harbors deep resentment toward her stepfather. When Acacia's fiancé is mysteriously murdered on their engagement night, suspicion falls on her former suitor. As secrets emerge and village gossip swirls, dark truths about forbidden desires and deadly jealousies threaten to destroy the family. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Marigold : A story by Edith Allonby" by Edith Allonby is a fantastical allegorical novel written in the early 20th century. Set in Lucifram—a contrarian shadow-world near Hell—the tale blends satire of religion and power with a fairy-tale sensibility. It follows Marigold, a spirited princess who disguises herself as a beggar to pursue and test the revered High Priest Alphonso, while the enigmatic St Armand and the coldly brilliant Prince Plucritus weave larger designs. The opening of Marigold introduces Lucifram’s ruler, Prince Plucritus, his glittering web over the world, and his austere consort Vestné, then pauses for a sharp interlude on Eve, obedience, and the making of woman. We see Plucritus and Vestné plot to strengthen their “net,” hinting at Alphonso’s role as a gatekeeper. The story then shifts to Marigold of Ellel, who, bored by luxury, dons rags to seek the High Priest’s attention, boldly begs him after vespers, and later faces his cool scrutiny in the Palace after a humiliating meal among the poor. A chance encounter in the Temple grounds with a small, chillingly charismatic stranger (St Armand) unsettles her, while her tender visit to a dying neighbor boy reveals her compassion. Parallel scenes show Alphonso and St Armand discussing a haunted Marble House and an old friend, and at dawn St Armand slips, catlike, through Friar’s Court to observe the sleeping Marigold, foreshadowing a contest of influence around her. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Willy's travels on the railroad : Intended for young children" by Mrs. Marcet is a children's didactic tale written in the mid-19th century. It follows an inquisitive boy, Willy, whose railway journey with his parents turns into a string of lively lessons about steam power, travel, manners, industry, and nature. Through meetings with fellow passengers and townspeople and visits to an inn, an arboretum, a factory, a farm, and a country house, the story blends gentle moral guidance with clear, practical explanations aimed at young readers. The opening of the story finds six-year-old Willy at a bustling station, learning that locomotives run by steam and marveling at speed, perspective, carriage classes, and the eerie whistle before a dark tunnel prompts talk of shafts and construction. A vignette with a spoiled child and a stern but fair old lady leads to a lesson in self-control and rewards, then a stop at Wolverton and a discussion of the “infirmities” of old and young. Moving to an open third-class carriage, Willy befriends a market girl bound for Derby who speaks of her blind mother’s hoped-for cure and the public Arboretum created by Joseph Strutt; at an inn he learns how paying “a little more” works and practises honesty and restraint while fruit picking with the landlady’s daughter. An evening at the Arboretum reunites him with the market girl’s family; the children play, make daisy chains, and receive a new ball, while conversations explain factories (water- and steam-power, children piecing broken threads) and farm life’s give-and-take. A visit to the Milford cotton mill and its great water-wheel cements these lessons, before the family reaches Grandmamma’s country house, where Willy begins tending his own small garden and discovers peas, lettuces, and the homely spinning-wheel—a calm segue to further instruction. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Tenhotar" by Hans von Kahlenberg is an epistolary novel written in the early 20th century. Through a correspondence between a romantic country nobleman and a skeptical city writer, it examines love, purity, and modern moral unrest. The story centers on Achim von Wustrow’s idealized devotion to the young Mathilde and the counterpoint of Herbert Gröndahl’s worldly, often cynical entanglements with fashionable Berlin society. The opening of the novel unfolds as alternating letters: Achim writes rapturously of first love, recounting a chaste mountain encounter with Mathilde, his respectful courtship within her family, and his resolve to be worthy of her innocence, even pressing for an early marriage. In sharp contrast, Herbert narrates how two schoolgirls seek him out, then begins a clandestine affair with one he nicknames “Hempukka,” dissecting her family’s ambitions and his own jaded attitudes while exposing the hypocrisies of urban life. Achim dreams of shared readings, patriotic duty, orderly home life, and fatherhood, guarding Mathilde from dubious influences. Herbert, meanwhile, oscillates between indulgence and moral disgust, turning their liaison into a study of decadence. This early exchange sets up the novel’s central tension between idealism and cynicism, country virtue and city corruption. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Lahjoitusmailla : Historiallinen näytelmä" by Santeri Ivalo is a historical play written in the early 20th century. Set in 1830s Valkjärvi, it portrays peasants caught between conscience, law, and power as the Veikkola manor enforces “donation land” contracts and a disputed church build stalls. The drama centers on the hard-edged steward Hukka, an aging pastor who refuses to bend, the advocate Koironen, the forthright Harsia and Holttinen, the wavering Kyllästinen family (with Kaija and their daughter Siljo), and the upward-striving Laihanen. The opening of the play unfolds on the church hill: the old pastor mourns the halted construction and declines to sign a lease for his tiny plot despite Hukka’s pressure. Villagers arrive with shingles to roof the half-built church, while Kyllästinen’s household wavers over Siljo’s marriage—breaking with Laihanen, who has signed the manor’s contract, and circling toward Holttinen’s Antti. Koironen, a crafty local advocate, claims to hold documents proving long-held peasant ownership, urges tact—yield in small things, refuse the lease—and collects funds to appeal. Manor officials interrupt, order the men to the estate, and threaten force; the community resolves to appear but not sign, tempers flare in the tavern, and reports come back that the men endured beatings rather than put their marks to the contracts, as private jealousies (Laihanen, Siljo, Antti) and Marketta’s ominous chant darken the mood. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Newton's Principia: The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" by Isaac Newton is a three-volume work first published in 1687. Written in Latin, it presents Newton's laws of motion and universal gravitation, creating a mathematical foundation for classical mechanics. The work explains planetary motion, estimates celestial masses, accounts for tides and Earth's shape, and addresses comets' orbits. Considered among history's greatest scientific achievements, it transformed scattered observations into systematic sciences of physics and astronomy, fundamentally altering humanity's understanding of the natural world. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Provença : Poems selected from Personae, Exultations, and Canzoniere of Ezra…" by Ezra Pound is a collection of poetry compiled in the early 20th century. The book brings together dramatic monologues, lyrics, and formal experiments that channel medieval Provence and Italy through modernist craft. Its likely topic is the renewal of old songs and courtly themes—love, war, piety, and fame—through vivid personae and finely wrought forms. The volume is arranged in three parts. Personae stages bold voices—troubadours, mystics, warriors, and wanderers—speaking from settings that range from Provençal courts and Italian roads to ash woods, sea caves, and modern London; poems like “La Fraisne,” “Cino,” “Na Audiart,” “Sestina: Altaforte,” “Ballad of the Goodly Fere,” and “Piccadilly” show desire, revolt, and spiritual hunger in archaic yet urgent diction. Exultations mixes litany and flare—Venetian night prayers, martial exultation, portraits of artists, poetic self-possession in “Histrion,” and visionary pieces like “Paracelsus in Excelsis,” alongside adaptations (Lope de Vega’s lullaby, a Greek epigram) and laments and albas in Provençal manner. Canzoniere presents strict studies in form—octaves, sonnets, ballate, and canzoni modeled on Arnaut Daniel, Dante, and Cavalcanti—where light, sea, angels, and the “Lady” organize longing and praise, culminating in an epilogue to Guido Cavalcanti and notes that gloss the medieval sources. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Olimpia; ossia, L'orfana della Selleide: romanzo" by Adolfo Mezzanotte is a novel written in the early 19th century. Set among the Suliote mountains of Epirus, it blends historical melodrama and romantic feeling, following the orphan Olimpia, her eremitic uncle Atanasio, and the young warrior Demetrio against the backdrop of Greek resistance to Ottoman rule. Themes of liberty, piety, and love intertwine as a tender attachment grows between Olimpia and Demetrio amid communal battle, devotion, and loss. The opening of the novel evokes the Suliotes’ stubborn freedom, then narrows to Olimpia’s origins: her father Alessio is disgraced for a retreat, dies in illness, and her mother Evantìa perishes giving birth, leaving the child to the care of the hermit-uncle Atanasio. Olimpia grows in a cliffside hermitage, charitable and devout. As Ali Pasha attacks, Demetrio leads a daring counterstrike that routs the Turks; during the victory rites he and Olimpia fall in love at first sight. Their separation breeds lovesickness until a chance encounter in the forest, a shy flight, a letter left by the spring, and Atanasio’s blessing bring them together, with marriage planned for the spring festival of roses. A sudden storm then claims Atanasio’s life in a torrent; after retrieving his body and burying him, the lovers vow to wed as he wished, and Olimpia goes under the protection of Demetrio’s kind mother Eutimia. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Evelyn Manwaring: A Tale of Hampton Court Palace" by Greville John Chester is a novel written in the late 19th century. It centers on the grace-and-favour world of Hampton Court and the storied, troubled Manwaring family, where pride of lineage collides with love, loyalty, and scandal. The main figures include gentle, steadfast Evelyn, her proud genealogist father, her soldier-brother Lionel, her brilliant younger brother Wilfred, and kind neighbors like Miss Sarah Strong and the Duchess of Ribblesdale. The opening of the story follows Evelyn’s fog-shrouded arrival at Hampton Court to take over Lady Glengriskin’s rooms, her private collapse of grief, and her rescue by her warm-hearted neighbor, Miss Sarah Strong, who feeds, comforts, and promises to present her to the Duchess. The narrative then turns to Holmcastle Manor in North Lancashire: the Manwarings’ ancient seat, the Squire’s consuming obsession with pedigree, and the children’s upbringing—Evelyn beloved as “the Lily of Arrow Dale,” Lionel a rising officer, and Wilfred a gifted youth. Sent to the tutor Dr. Massenger, Wilfred bonds with the young Duke of Ribblesdale and clashes with the slippery Augustus Cubleigh; after a visit to a local collector, stolen gold coins are “found” in Wilfred’s waistcoat, and he is falsely branded a thief. Cast out by his implacable father despite the Rector’s plea and Evelyn’s love, Wilfred leaves home in despair and disappears under an assumed name. As searches reveal he has sailed abroad, Massenger arrives at Holmcastle to confess that Wilfred’s innocence is proved and Cubleigh was the culprit, leaving the Squire devastated. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"The way of a man: a story of the new woman" by Thomas Dixon Jr. is a novel written in the early 20th century. It follows Ellen West, a brilliant New York feminist editor whose attacks on marriage and advocacy of female independence collide with the allure of love and power as she attracts the author Randolph Field, the millionaire Edwin Brown, and the young journalist Ralph Manning. The book probes the clash between the New Woman’s ideals—sexual, economic, and spiritual autonomy—and the old order’s claims of romance, marriage, and possession. The opening of the novel finds Ellen hosting a triumphant Fifth Avenue reception after her election as a reform club’s president, where her manifesto against marriage and for “sex freedom” sets the tone. Field, her realist neighbor, confesses love on the roof and is coolly refused. Brown arrives uninvited; in a candid rooftop interview he first offers a lavish “free alliance,” then marriage, and is rejected on both counts. Ellen is then unexpectedly smitten with Manning, her friend’s Southern nephew, whose earnest ambition and freshness disarm her skepticism. As they meet nightly, she falls hard, while he wins a newspaper post and returns with a ring fashioned from his mother’s earrings, proposing ardently on the starlit roof. She reciprocates his love but refuses marriage on principle, arguing for a free, self-directed union, and their debate over love, freedom, and the “home” swells into a tense impasse as the opening section ends. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Women: an inquiry by Willa Muir" is a philosophical feminist essay written in the early 20th century. The book explores whether there is an essential difference between women and men beyond social conditioning, proposing that women’s distinctive creative power lies in fostering human growth and moral life, while men excel at shaping conscious systems and forms. The essay moves from exposing men’s contradictory view of women (feared and revered) to a core hypothesis drawn from motherhood: women’s energy is more engaged with unconscious life (growth, intuition, emotion), while men’s is more engaged with conscious life (form, reason, abstraction). From this, it argues that women create individuals and inner harmony, and men build systems—both necessary and complementary. It critiques conventional morality as a masculine tool for preserving systems through impersonal codes and punishment, urging women to develop independent, psychological, and religiously grounded values rooted in creative love and a fearless grasp of human experience. The book calls on women to know themselves, reject restrictive “purity” ideals, and carry their womanhood into public life where systems touch individuals (e.g., welfare, justice, reform). It considers art as a meeting of unconscious vitality and conscious form, suggesting women thrive in arts close to lived personality and concrete experience, and closes by urging a rethinking of women’s aims and education so that both sexes can cooperate as equal, complementary creators of human life and its institutions. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Where the Battle Was Fought" by Charles Egbert Craddock is a novel written in the late 19th century. Set on a haunted Tennessee battlefield during Reconstruction, it follows the proud but ruined General Vayne and his lively daughter Marcia as their isolated, mortgaged household intersects with Captain John Estwicke, a Union officer unsettled by the ground’s grim memories. In parallel, a financier, Maurice Brennett, and his improvident associate Travis scheme around an inheritance tied to Antoinette St. Pierre, stirring legal and moral peril. Expect a blend of Gothic atmosphere, postwar social tension, and intrigue over identity, honor, and property. The opening of the novel lingers on a ghost-rumored battlefield and a shattered mansion where General Vayne, Marcia, and Aunt Kirby receive Estwicke, whose uneasy reaction to “Fort Despair” hints at a hidden past; a ferryman later mistakes him for a dead Confederate officer who once burned the bridge there. In town, Estwicke befriends a young lawyer, Meredith, then catches a card-sharp cheating during a poker game at a hotel; with an unloaded pistol he forces the cheat to disgorge the winnings, only to reject the money in disgust. Meanwhile Brennett, captivated by Estwicke’s fierce presence, turns to urgent business: his partner Travis has been cut out of expected funds by a codicil favoring Antoinette St. Pierre, so they plot to regain value by pressing her to swap her city houses (clouded by a remainder-man’s title, John Doane Fortescue) for Travis’s plantations, or even to marry her, sweetening the approach with a storied family heirloom. These threads set a mood of ruin and calculation, establishing the central characters, tensions, and schemes without yet resolving them. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"La Légende des siècles tome II" by Victor Hugo is a collection of poems written between 1855 and 1876. This second volume forms part of Hugo's monumental work depicting humanity's journey through history. Through scattered visions of past, present, and future, Hugo presents symbolic figures—often obscure or invented—representing different ages. These lyric, epic, and satiric poems illustrate humanity's long progression from darkness toward light, creating what many consider France's only true epic and the only possible modern epic. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

"Le culte de l'incompétence" by Émile Faguet is a political essay written in the early 20th century. It argues that mass democracies, intent on equality and direct control, displace specialized competence with passion-driven representation, leading parliaments to govern, administer, and legislate poorly. The work contrasts this drift with an ideal of informed, moderate, and detached lawmaking and warns of a polity that politicizes every function and churns out reactive, short-lived laws. The opening of the essay situates the book within a contemporary studies series, then revisits Montesquieu’s idea that each regime has a guiding principle to claim that democracy’s is the worship of incompetence. Faguet illustrates how popular sovereignty erodes specialization: Athens replaced trained judges with paid jurors; modern democracies evolved from filtered elections to direct representation that rewards passion over expertise, producing “politicians” dependent on the crowd. He shows the legislature usurping executive and administrative roles, dictating appointments and decisions, distrusting inamovibility, and turning governance into partisan oversight, while genuine competence retreats to private professions that the state seeks to nationalize; even socialism, he argues, would slide toward despotism. He then sketches the truly competent legislator—well informed about a people’s temperament, moderate, and free of passion—favoring insinuation over command and prudence in changing laws, before concluding that democracy instead elects impassioned, uninformed lawmakers who pass episodic, event-driven measures like a daily newspaper. (This is an automatically generated summary.)